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Types of Neuropathy |
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Neuropathy is the nervous disorder of the peripheral nerves. Peripheral neuropathy can be caused due to various reasons. Patients suffering from prolonged diabetes mellitus often develops diabetic neuropathy. Diabetic neuropathy is caused due to microvascular injury of small blood vessels. Diabetic neuropathy is often said to be associated with polyneuropathy or mononeuropathy. Diabetic neuropathy can be also associated with autonomic neuropathy or thoracoabdominal neuropathy.
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Other common types of neuropathy include:
- polyneuropathy
- mononeuritis multiplex
- mononeuropathy
- autonomic neuropathy
- small fiber peripheral neuropathy
- enteric neuropathy
- Polyneuropathy is one of the most common types of neuropathy. Patients suffering from polyneuropathy often suffer from the neurological disorder of the peripheral nerves. All the peripheral nerves of the body began to malfunction in polyneuropathy. However it takes years for the full manifestion of the disease.
- Mononeuropathy is also one of the most common types of neuropathy occurring in patients. As the name suggests in mononeuropathy only a single peripheral nerve is affected unlike polyneuropathy where all of the peripheral nerves are affected simultaneously. Mononeuropathy is typically distinguished by the pin and needle sensation of the extremities. Paresthesia and partial numbness of hands and legs are also common causes of mononeuropathy.
- Enteric neuropathy is yet another type of neuropathy. It is commonly characterized by the degeneration of the neuromuscular system of the viscera. The muscles and nerves of the digestive system fail to act properly and gradually degenerates. No treatment is known yet for this type of neuropathy. Patient is given relief through symptom management. Pain with nausea, vomiting, bloating and other abdominal abnormalities are associated with enteric neuropathy.
- Autoneuropathy is yet another frequently occurring type of neuropathy. Autonomic neuropathy is the nervous disorder of the autonomic nerves. Since the autonomic nerves supply all the involuntary muscles hence autoneuropathy is generally associated with all the visceral organs. Common signs of autoneuropathy include vomiting, nausea, retention of urine, constipation, fecal incontinence, erectile impotence and so forth.
- Mononeuritis multiplex is one of the complex types of neuropathy where the many peripheral nerves are affected simultaneously. Diabetes is one of the common causes of mononeuritis multiplex. Other causes include sarcoidosis, rheumatoid arthritis, polyarteritis nodosa and amyloidosis.
- Small fiber peripheral neuropathy is also one of the common types of neuropathy where disorders occur with the small fibers that are present near the dermal layer of the skin. Disorder of the small fibers affects the sensation of the body. Cramps, numbness, tingling sensation and insensitivity to extreme temperatures are common symptoms of small fiber peripheral neuropathy. Since the skin losses its ability of sensation, hence skin sensation is not registered by the patient. Although no such treatments are yet there for small fiber peripheral neuropathy often intravenous injection of immunoglobin gives some relief. The cause of the small fiber neuropathy is often idiopathic, that is neuralgia develops however the cause is unknown.
Log on to Neuropathyhub.com for more detailed information about neuropathy, different types of neuropathy, causes of neuropathy, treatments of neuropathy.
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